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PRODUCT INFORMATION
1. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE PRODUCT?
Adrenaline 1 mg/1 ml Biocell Ampoule
2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMBINATION?
Ampoule of 1 ml each; Active ingredient: 1 mg adrenaline Excipients: Sodium chloride ............. ("Adrenaline Biofarma 1 mg/ 1 ml ampoule Brief Product Information") 8,0 mg Sodium metabisulfide ...... 1.5 mg See 6.1.
3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM?
Ampoule (Intramuscular, intravenous, intracardiac, intratracheal or subcutaneous). Sterile, clear, colorless solution.
4. CLINICAL FEATURES
- 4.1 Therapeutic indications ?
ADRENALIN is indicated in the following cases: cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary reanimation If artificial respiration, open or closed heart compression does not help, ADRENALIN may be given intravenously, intracardiac or endotracheally after intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate. ("ADRENALIN 1 mg BIOSEL 1 ml x 100 ampoule Clinical Features") ("ADRENALIN 1 mg BIOSEL 1 ml x 100 ampoule Clinical Features") Anaphylactic shock and acute allergic reactions Angioedema is used as a physiological antagonist of histamine against drug and serum reactions, insect bites and other allergens. If there is a shock, it is not given subcutaneously. In addition, the patient in shock should be given an H1 receptor antagonist (chlorpheniramine) intravenously. In acute asthma attacks and bronchospasm are given subcutaneously. ("Intensive Care Flashcards | Quizlet") 2 / 11 Stop capillary (superficial) hemorrhages on the skin and mucous membranes It is given locally in the form of a solution. "Prolonging the duration of action of local anesthetics is added by dentists as a vasoconstrictor." ("1. NAME OF HUMAN MEDICINAL PRODUCT - Titck")·····
- Application method:
ADRENALIN is preferably injected subcutaneously. It can also be done intramuscularly, but gluteus muscles should not be used (anaerobic microorganisms can colonize the skin of this area, and the vasoconstrictor effect of ADRENALIN can cause hypoxia, accelerating the formation of Clostridium welchii infection). In emergency cases, ADRENALIN can be diluted and given as a very slow intravenous injection. In case of cardiac arrest, dilated adrenaline solution can be given by intracardiac injection or endotracheal instillation. ("Amount of dose should be used in ADRENALINE?") ("Amount of dose should be used in ADRENALINE?") When injected into the heart, heart massage should also be applied. In this way, the drug is allowed to participate in the coronary circulation. Adrenaline can be given in the form of oral inhalation to the aerosol, vaporizer, IPPB device. Adrenaline solutions used for this purpose are more concentrated and systemic injections should be avoided. ADRENALIN can be diluted and applied locally to skin, mucous membranes and tissue surfaces. For this, wet dressing or spray forms are used. ("Amount of dose should be used in ADRENALINE?") "Adrenaline dose is expressed by the amount of adrenaline in adrenaline salts." ("How to Use ADRENALINE? ADRENALIN drug prospectus.")
- Contraindications ?
It is contraindicated in hypertension, hyperthyroidism, coronary insufficiency, diabette, pheochromocytoma, subaortic stenosis, hypovolemic shock (except anaphylactic shock), organic heart diseases, arrhythmias, cardiac dilatation, organic brain damage, cerebrovascular diseases, narrow-angle glaucoma, cyclopropane or halogenated hydrocarbon-derived anesthetic areas in general anesthesia, hypersensitivity to adrenaline. ("ADRENALIN (EPINEFRIN)") In addition, when mixed with local anesthetics, it should not be used on the fingers, ears, nose and genital areas.
- Unwanted effects ?
- Diseases of the nervous system
"Irritability, anxiety, restlessness, headache, dizziness, lightness in the head, insomnia." ("Does the hormone adrenaline increase blood sugar? – Cevap-Bul.com")
- Eye diseases
"Appearance or aggravation of narrow-angle glaucoma, temporary stinging and burning sensations in the eye, eye pain, allergic eyelid reaction, irritation in the eye." ("What are the side effects of adrenaline? - Uzmanlab.gen.tr")
- Cardiac diseases
Tachycardia (parenteral), strong heartbeat, flushing, fading of the face, chest pain, increased myocardial oxygen consumption, heart arrhythmias, sudden death, angina pectoris, vasoconstriction. Ventricular fibrillation can occur and cause cerebral hemorrhage and pulmonary edema in patients with severe hypertension. ("adrenaline-biofarma-05-mg1-ml-ampoule-b718 short product information")
- Breathing, chest disorders and mediastinal diseases
Wheezing, dyspnea.
- Gastrointestinal diseases
Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, dryness in the throat.
- Musculoskeletal disorders, connective tissue and bone diseases
Weakness, trembling.
- Kidney and urinary diseases
"Acute urinary retention in patients with blockage at the exit of the bladder, decreased renal and splanknic blood flow." ("1. NAME OF HUMAN MEDICINAL PRODUCT - Titck")
PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
- Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Adrenergic and dopaminergic drugs
- Pharmacokinetic properties ?
- What are the general features?
- Absorption:
Adrenaline is quickly absorbed after intramuscular and subcutaneous injection. To prevent local vasoconstriction, massage should be performed at the injection site. ("ADRENALIN 0.25 mg 10 ampoule Pharmacological Properties") The effect of adrenaline administered intravenously is immediately visible and this effect lasts for 1-2 minutes. The effect of subcutaneous means is seen in 5-10 minutes and lasts for 5-10 minutes.
2.Distribution:
Adrenaline is rapidly distributed to the heart, spleen, various glandular tissues and adrenergic nerves. Approximately 50% of it binds to plasma proteins. ("SHORT PRODUCT INFORMATION 1. NAME OF A HUMAN MEDICAL PRODUCT") Adrenaline passes through the placenta and enters the fetal circulation.
3.Biotransformation:
Adrenaline diffusion entering the systemic circulation is metabolized by enzymatic degradation (by catechol-Ometytransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase (MAO)) in the liver and reuptake from the adrenergic nerve endings.
4.Elimination:
The half-life of circulating adrenaline is 1 minute. It is excreted in the urine in the form of metanephrine and normetanephrine derivatives. In addition, adrenaline is also excreted through breast milk. ("ADRENALIN BIOFARMA 1 mg/1 ml 100 ampoule Pharmacological Properties")
Bibliography:
titck.gov.tr
